| １． |
Cross-protection efficacy of APM777 vaccine in pigs challenged with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
Oshima, A.1), Kamada T.1), To, Ho.1), Teshima, K.1), Tsutsumi, N.1)
1) Nippon Institute for Biological Science
8th Asian Pig Veterinary Society Congress 2017, Wuhan, China
【Introduction】Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App) causes porcine contagious pleuropneumonia. To date, 16 serotypes are known, and serovar prevalence was reported to vary depending on the continent and time. In the present report, We sought to determine whether the APM777 vaccine can confer cross-protection against challenge with App serotype 7.
【Materials and Methods】
APM777 vaccine components
The vaccine contains 7 components in alum adjuvant, three inactivated App cells (serotypes 1, 2 and 5), three toxoids (recombinant ApxI, ApxII and ApxIII), and bacterin of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.
【Animal experiment】Specific-pathogen-free pigs (four pigs per groups) were administrated intramuscularly with 2 mL of APM777 vaccine twice at a 3-week interval. Another group of four pigs served as non-immunized control. The immunized pigs were daily observed for adverse reactions following injections of vaccine. Two weeks after the second immunization, the pigs of vaccinated and control groups were challenged intratracheally with App serotype 7. The challenge dose at that time was 10^8 cfu/head. Clinical symptoms were observed for 1 week after challenge and euthanasized under deep anesthesia. Lung lesions were then scored for each individual's lungs. Lung lesions were cultured overnight at 37 °C on chocolate agar plates.
【Result】After challenge with App serotype 7, only 1 out of 4 pigs in the control group survived, whereas 3 out of 4 in the vaccinated group remained. Scores of lung lesions were 11.0 for the control group and 8.3 for the vaccine group. App was isolated from all lung lesions in vaccinated and control groups.
【Discussion】The survival rate of the vaccinated group is higher than that of the control group, and it is considered that the antigen against ApxII contained in APM777 provided a protective efficacy against challenge with serotype 7 possessed only one Apx toxin, ApxII. There was a difference in the score of pulmonary lesions between the vaccinated and control group. In conclusion, these data suggested that APM777 shows cross-protective effect against different serotypes.
|
| ２． |
Involvement of non-vesicular transport type of autophagy in encephalitis virus
replication
Fujiwara, Y.1), Oroku. K.2), Oshima, Y.2), Furuya, Y. 2), Hase, K.1), Contu, VR.1), Takahashi, M.1), Kabuta, C.1), Sato, T.2), Tsutsumi, N.2), Wada, K.1), Kabuta, T.1)
1) Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry
2) Nippon Institute for Biological Science
第60回日本神経化学会大会、2017年
Degradation of unnecessary or toxic materials within cells including neurons by lysosomes plays crucial rolls in maintenance of intracellular environment, and thus, is important for physiological homeostasis. For example, dysfunction of RNase T2, a major ribonuclease in lysosomes, causes leukoencephalopathy. Systems in which intracellular materials are delivered into lysosomes and degraded are called autophagy in the broad sense. Mutations in genes related to macroautophagy, the most well-defined type of autophagy, have been reported to cause neurodegenerative disorders in human. We have previously identified a novel type of autophagy, RNautophagy/DNautophagy (RDA), where lysosomes directly take up and degrade RNA and DNA without involvement of vesicular transport. However, physiological and pathophysiological significance of these pathways remained largely elusive. Viruses produce various kinds of nucleic acids in host cells upon replication. We hypothesized that RDA can suppress virus replication by degrading such viral nucleic acids. In this talk, I will present our recent advances in the study on anti-viral role of the RDA against encephalitis virus.
|
